This is the 1630th most frequent Turkish word.
tarihinin
"Of its history" or "of history."
In this sentence, 'tarihinin' means 'of history,' signifying a possessive relationship indicating to whose history is being referred, which is Turkey's history.
Bu yapı, Türkiye tarihinin en eski dönemlerine aittir.
This structure belongs to the oldest periods of Turkey's history.
Here, 'tarihinin' denotes 'of the history of,' specifying the history belonging to 'the Islamic world.'
O kitap, İslam dünyası tarihinin en ilginç olaylarını anlatıyor.
That book narrates the most interesting events of the history of the Islamic world.
In this case, 'tarihinin' reflects 'of art history,' where it connects the term 'art history' with 'various periods' indicating the influence on the artist's career.