This is the 9289th most frequent Russian word.
старого
"Of the old" or "old" (genitive singular masculine/neuter or accusative singular masculine animate form of "старый").
The word 'старого' is used as an adjective in the grammatical genitive case to describe the noun 'друга' (friend), indicating the person is old or has been known for a long time.
Я купил книгу у старого друга.
I bought a book from an old friend.
The word 'старого' is used as an adjective in the grammatical genitive case to describe the noun 'архитектора' (architect), indicating the person's age or professional longevity.
Мы посетили дом старого архитектора.
We visited the house of the old architect.
Here, 'старого' describes the noun 'короля' (king) in the genitive case, indicating the age or temporal status of the king when he was portrayed.