This is the 10659th most frequent Polish word.
dorosła
Adult (feminine form).
In this sentence, 'dorosłą' is used in the accusative form to describe a mature woman as part of the completion of the question's predicate.
Czy widzisz tę dorosłą kobietę stojącą przy drzwiach?
Do you see that adult woman standing by the door?
Here, 'dorosła' functions as a noun (a substantivized adjective) meaning 'adult woman,' making her the subject of the sentence.
W moim życiu dorosła nie była szczęśliwa.
In my life, an adult woman was not happy.
Here, 'dorosła' indicates that the subject (a she feminine entity) has reached adulthood.