أثناء

In a sentence

• قرأت كتابًا أثناء السفر.

  I read a book during the trip.

  Here 'أثناء' (which means 'during') is used to indicate an activity or event (reading a book) that occurred over the duration of another event (the trip).

• تحدثت إلى صديقي أثناء العمل.

  I talked to my friend while working.

  In this sentence, 'أثناء' facilitates expressing a simultaneity between speaking with a friend and the event of working.

• استمعت إلى الموسيقى أثناء الرسم.

  I listened to music while drawing.

  The word 'أثناء' here creates a link signifying that listening to music took place concurrent with the action of drawing.