This is the 12942nd most frequent Spanish word.
penalidad
"Penalidad" means "penalty" or "punishment."
Here, 'penalidad' is used to indicate a consequence or punishment.
La penalidad por devolver el libro tarde es una multa pequeña.
The penalty for returning the book late is a small fine.
In this usage, 'penalidad' refers to the disciplinary action in sports.
En deportes, la penalidad por conducta antideportiva puede incluir una expulsión del juego.
In sports, the penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct can include expulsion from the game.
Here, 'penalidad' signifies a legal or contractual repercussion.