над

над

"над" means "over" or "above."

Here, 'над' is used to indicate a spatial relationship, signifying 'above' or 'over' in reference to the abyss.

Я стою над пропастью.

I am standing above the abyss.

In this context, 'над' means 'on' or 'about,' expressing involvement or consideration with the problem.

Мы размышляем над проблемой.

We are reflecting on the problem.

Here, 'над' is used to mean 'at,' indicating the target or subject of the laughter.

Он смеялся над шуткой.

He laughed at the joke.