This is the 11029th most frequent Russian word.
геологических
"Geological" - relating to geology.
The word "геологических" here describes the type of processes being studied in the context of geology.
Книга посвящена исследованиям геологических процессов.
The book is dedicated to studies of geological processes.
"Геологических" is attributive here, defining the nature of the anomalies as pertaining to geology.
Экспедиция исследовала ряд геологических аномалий.
The expedition studied a number of geological anomalies.
This usage of "геологических" specifies the topic of the discussed changes, indicating they are geological in nature.