This is the 10424th most frequent Russian word.
вековой
Centuries-old; age-old; lasting a century.
Here, 'вековой' describes the age of the oak tree, emphasizing its great antiquity.
Вековой дуб стоял на лесной поляне.
The centuries-old oak stood in the forest glade.
'вековые' relates to 'roots', conveying the idea of longstanding or deeply ingrained heritage.
Эта традиция имеет вековые корни.
This tradition has century-old roots.
'вековая' applies here to 'ceramics', indicating its historical origin or age.