sprawcą

In a sentence

• Sprawcą wypadku samochodowego był kierowca czerwonego pojazdu.

  The perpetrator of the car accident was the driver of the red vehicle.

  In this sentence, 'sprawcą' is used to denote the individual responsible for causing the car accident. It signifies a specific causal responsibility.

• Okazuje się, że sprawcą zamieszania w biurze był nowy pracownik.

  It turns out that the perpetrator of the confusion in the office was the new employee.

  Here, 'sprawcą' refers to someone causing disorganization or confusion. It is metaphorical for responsibility in a non-criminal scenario.

• Sprawcą zalania podłogi w kuchni była nieszczelna rura.

  The perpetrator of the floor flooding in the kitchen was a leaking pipe.

  In this case, 'sprawcą' is used figuratively to describe the cause of an event, which is an inanimate object responsible for an outcome.