This is the 13685th most frequent Polish word.
poddał
"Poddał" means "he/she/it surrendered" or "he/she/it submitted."
Here 'poddał' is used in the reflexive form 'poddał się' to indicate surrender or submission to one's feelings or emotions.
On poddał się swoim emocjom.
He gave in to his emotions.
In this case, 'poddał' is part of the phrase 'poddał w wątpliwość', meaning to cast doubt or question something.
Kiedy omawialiśmy ten temat, on poddał moją teorię w wątpliwość.
When we were discussing this topic, he questioned my theory.
Here 'poddał' means to submit something for evaluation or consideration.