This is the 4887th most frequent Polish word.
panują
"Panują" means "they prevail" or "they reign."
In this context, 'panują' is used to mean governing or ruling by authority.
W królestwie panują mądry król i królowa.
In the kingdom, a wise king and queen reign.
In this sentence, 'panują' refers to the existence or prevalence of conditions.
W Polsce panują różnorodne warunki klimatyczne.
In Poland, there prevail various climatic conditions.
Here, 'panują' indicates the dominance or enforcement of rules within a group.