This is the 4408th most frequent Catalan word.
japonesa
Japanese (female).
The word 'japonesa' here is an adjective describing 'cultura' (culture), indicating a cultural origin or attribute.
La cultura japonesa és fascinant per la seva història.
The Japanese culture is fascinating for its history.
The word 'japonesa' in this sentence is an adjective specifying the origin or style of the 'figura' (figure) being mentioned.
Vaig comprar una figura japonesa com a record del meu viatge.
I bought a Japanese figure as a souvenir from my trip.
In this context, 'japonesa' describes the nationality of the 'estudiant' (student), serving as an adjective.