قائلا

In a sentence

• قال أحمد قائلاً: 'سأذهب إلى السوق'.

  Ahmed said, 'I will go to the market.'

  Here, 'قائلاً' is used to emphasize the manner of the speaker's action (saying), effectively acting as a gerund meaning 'saying'.

• نظر إليها قائلاً: 'أنتِ محقة'.

  He looked at her and said, 'You are right.'

  In this sentence, 'قائلاً' describes the concurrent speaking as the person is looking at her, detailing the action to make the scene vivid.

• ولوحَ بيده قائلاً: 'إلى اللقاء'.

  He waved his hand saying, 'Goodbye.'

  The word 'قائلاً' links the physical action of waving to the spoken words, indicating simultaneous actions.