This is the 2527th most frequent Turkish word.
nüfusun
"Population's" (possessive form of "nüfus," meaning "population").
The word 'nüfusun' refers to the population's ownership or characteristic, followed by a qualifier (majority) to specify the dominant part.
Nüfusun çoğunluğu şehir merkezinde yaşamaktadır.
The majority of the population lives in the city center.
Here, 'nüfusun' indicates the subject whose action (increase) influences another object (economic development).
Nüfusun artışı ekonomik kalkınmayı destekler.
The increase in population supports economic development.
In this case, 'nüfusun' describes the population's attribute (distribution) that is inquired about.