This is the 11516th most frequent Russian word.
досрочных
"Early" or "premature."
In this sentence, "досрочные" (early) is used as an adjective to describe elections that are taking place earlier than originally scheduled.
Вчера прошли досрочные выборы.
Yesterday, early elections took place.
Here, "досрочные" (early) modifies "exams", indicating exams that occur prior to the standard scheduled dates.
Студенты могут сдавать досрочные экзамены в июне.
Students can take early exams in June.
In this case, "досрочных" (early) is used to describe pension payments, meaning payments that are made before their usual time.