This is the 5586th most frequent Portuguese word.
épocas
"Épocas" means "periods" or "eras" in English.
The word 'épocas' in this sentence refers to 'times' or 'periods' (specific seasons or spans of time).
Existem várias épocas do ano em que o clima é mais agradável.
There are several times of the year when the weather is more pleasant.
Here, 'épocas' is used to mean 'eras' or 'historical periods' (referring to times in history).
Nas épocas passadas, as pessoas viviam de forma muito diferente.
In past eras, people lived very differently.
In this case, 'épocas' conveys the idea of periods or times related to specific events or celebrations.