e

e

The Polish word "e" is an informal interjection used to express doubt, hesitation, or surprise.

Here, "e" connects two objects in a list, functioning as a conjunction meaning "and."

Ona lubi kawę i herbatę, ale czasem wybiera wodę z cytryną e limonką.

She likes coffee and tea, but sometimes she chooses water with lemon and lime.

Here, "e" introduces additional information about a sequence, implying continuation or addition, similar to "and later."

Nauczycielem był Jan Kowalski, e później Marek Nowak.

The teacher was Jan Kowalski, and later Marek Nowak.

In this instance, "e" signals an alternative thought or contrast, akin to "albeit."

Pracowali nad projektem samodzielnie, e nie bez problemów.

They worked on the project independently, albeit not without problems.